Guatemala
12,000,000 inhabitants
The Maya civilization flourished in Guatemala and surrounding regions during the first millennium A.D. After 300 years as a Spanish colony, Guatemala won its independence in 1821.
During the second half of the 20th century, it experienced a variety of military and civilian governments, as well as a 36-year guerrilla war. In 1996, the government signed a peace agreement formally ending the conflict, which had left more than 100,000 people dead and had created over a million refugees.
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